Special Report: Network Provisioning

Recommendations in Transport The recommendations in the transport area are provided for two time-frames: a short time-frame of the next five years and a longer time-frame spanning five to ten years. In the short time-frame the following items are to be addressed: Recommendation 1: Transport Protocols and Implementations Transport methods for dedicated channels and IP networks must be designed for achieving high throughput, steering and control. The transport methods include TCP-, UDP- and SAN-based methods together with newer approaches. To utilize extremely high bandwidth channels, striping methods must be developed for multiple hosts and/or interfaces. Technical topics include TCP auto-tuning, large MTU, scavenger TCP, RDMA, and OS bypass methods.

Recommendation 2: Transport Customization and Interfacing Transport methods must be customized to optimally match single and multiple hosts as well as channels of different modes. Transport methods must be suitably interfaced with storage methods to avoid impedance mismatches that could degrade the end-to-end transport performance. Interaction of sharing, resource allocation, and session control must be handled by providing interfaces from transport modules to provisioning infrastructure.

Recommendation 3: Stochastic Control Methods Stochastic control theoretic methods must be developed to design protocols with well- understood and/or provable stability properties. These methods can also be utilized in analyzing the other transport protocols for their properties. Recommendation 4: Monitoring and Estimation Methods Monitoring and statistical estimation techniques must be designed to monitor the critical transport variables and dynamically adjust them to ensure transport stability and efficiency.

Recommendation 5: Experimental Test-Beds: Experimental research networks are needed to validate new ultra high-speed protocols and dynamic provisioning technologies. These aspects are discussed in greater detail in Section 6.3.

Over the longer time-frame, the following items are to be addressed: Recommendation 1: Modular Adaptive Composable and Optimized Transport Modules: Highly dynamic and adaptive methods must be developed with the capabilities to statically and dynamically compose transport methods (including splicing transport methods) to match the application requirements and the underlying provisioning. Advanced transport methods must be developed to optimally exploit the dedicated links for achieving ultra high throughputs, and precise steering and control operations. Recommendation 2: Stochastic and Control Theoretic Design and Analysis: Stochastic control theoretic methods must be developed for the composable transport methods to analyze them as well as to guide their design to ensure stability and effectiveness

Recommendation 3: Graceful Integration with Middleware and Applications: Application data and application semantics must be mapped into transport methods to optimally meet application requirements; the boundary between middleware and transport could be made transparent to the applications so that can operate without being aware of it.

Recommendation 4: Vertical Integration of Applications, transport and Provisioning: Vertical integration of resource allocation policies (cost and utility) with transport methods must be carried out to present a unified view and interface to the applications. There is a need to support the design and testing activities of the protocols under conditions that closely match the real operating environments, particularly those deploying newer provisioning methods. While the overall need for a test-bed is quite similar (in terms bandwidths and distances) to both provisioning and transport areas, their specific requirements are different. Nevertheless, due to the overall significance to both the areas, the issues of test-bed are discussed separately in Section 6.3.

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